Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC): End-to-End Overview

System architecture defines how components of a system are organized and interact.

Different architecture patterns are used depending on system complexity and scalability requirements.

Below are the popular architecture patterns

1. Monolithic Architecture

In a monolithic architecture, the entire application is built as a single unit.

Ex: Frontend + Backend + Database in one application.

Advantages

• Simple to develop
• Easy to deploy initially

Disadvantages

• Difficult to scale
• Hard to maintain in large systems

2. MVC Architecture

MVC stands for Model, View, Controller.

Model handles data and business logic.

View displays data to the user.

Controller handles user input and interactions.

Ex: User clicks button → Controller processes → Model updates → View displays result.

3. Microservices Architecture

In microservices architecture, the system is divided into small independent services.

Each service handles a specific functionality like:

• User Service
• Payment Service
• Course Service
• Notification Service

Advantages

• Highly scalable
• Independent deployment
• Better fault isolation

Disadvantages

• More complex infrastructure
• Requires DevOps and monitoring